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Ask the Experts: Metals

Brazing and Welding

  • We anneal and passivate 300 series stainless tube and sometimes get a “grey” coloration on the ID—can we keep it bright?

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  • My ceramic carrier tiles are deteriorating faster than expected. Could my atmosphere be affecting it?

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  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • What is the optimum atmosphere system for furnace brazing stainless steel components?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

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  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

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  • What nitrogen purity do I need for my heat treatment process?

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  • Can I determine if the oxidation in the cooling section of my continuous furnace is caused by air ingress or a water leak?

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  • How can I prevent copper filler metal from spreading away from the brazed joints in my steel parts?

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  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

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  • What are the recommended procedures to safely introduce a flammable atmosphere into a continuous belt furnace?

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Carburizing, Nitrocarburizing, and Carbonitriding

  • How do I calculate the amount of methanol I'll need for my carburizing atmosphere?

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  • My ceramic carrier tiles are deteriorating faster than expected. Could my atmosphere be affecting it?

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  • Why is control necessary for a protective atmosphere?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • How can I identify the stain or discoloration on my part after a heat treating process?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

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  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

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  • What nitrogen purity do I need for my heat treatment process?

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  • When does on-site nitrogen generation make sense versus liquid nitrogen delivery?

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  • Can I determine where the oxidation on my heat treated parts is coming from within my furnace?

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  • I have measured the oxygen level in my continuous furnace, and it's low, but my parts still come out oxidized. Why?

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  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

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  • My sintered PM parts come out of the furnace "sooty." How do I prevent this?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

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Foundry

  • Would it help to add oxygen to my cupola? If so, how should it be added?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

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  • How can I reduce my gas consumption for molten metal blanketing?

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  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

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  • Why do people use oxygen for combustion when air is free?

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Heat Treating

  • How can I address a cooling issue within my process?

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  • We anneal and passivate 300 series stainless tube and sometimes get a “grey” coloration on the ID—can we keep it bright?

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  • How can I benefit from a nitrogen-based system if I’m already getting good parts at a reasonably low cost?

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  • My ceramic carrier tiles are deteriorating faster than expected. Could my atmosphere be affecting it?

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  • What are some considerations to properly select a vacuum furnace surge tank?

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  • Why is control necessary for a protective atmosphere?

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  • Can we conserve energy and increase savings by converting to a synthetic nitrogen/hydrogen atmosphere?

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  • Why would I want to cryogenically treat tool steels? Does it really affect the microstructure?

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  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

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  • What is dezincification and how does it apply to thermal processing of brass?

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  • I use a dissociated ammonia (DA) atmosphere. How can I reduce costs and improve safety?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • How can I identify the stain or discoloration on my part after a heat treating process?

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  • How can I increase production flexibility and ensure the quality of my annealed components?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

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  • I have measured the oxygen level in my continuous furnace, and it's low, but my parts still come out oxidized. Why?

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  • How can we minimize infiltration of oxygen into open-ended continuous furnaces?

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  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

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  • What nitrogen purity do I need for my heat treatment process?

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  • Which nitrogen supply makes sense—on-site generation or liquid delivery?

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  • Can I determine if the oxidation in the cooling section of my continuous furnace is caused by air ingress or a water leak?

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  • Can I determine where the oxidation on my heat treated parts is coming from within my furnace?

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  • What causes discoloration and oxidation of stainless steels in brazing, sintering or annealing processes?

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  • How can I reduce my costs for Al-annealing without reducing my quality?

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  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

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  • What cooling rate do I need for my sinter hardening process?

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  • What causes stainless steel to turn green in a continuous belt furnace?

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  • Can the increased temperature variability in my annealing furnace be causing the ductility variations in my product?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

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  • For our vacuum furnace, how can we get adequate gas pressure to quench at pressures up to 20 bar?

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  • What’s the best approach to select the hydrogen concentration for our nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere for bright annealing of steels?

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Iron and Steel Production

  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • How can I lower the carbon monoxide levels in my steelmaking furnace off-gas?

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  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

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  • When does on-site nitrogen generation make sense versus liquid nitrogen delivery?

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  • How can I optimize melting of contaminated metal scrap?

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  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

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  • Why do people use oxygen for combustion when air is free?

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Machining

  • How can I address a cooling issue within my process?

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  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

    View Answer →
  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

    View Answer →
  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

    View Answer →
  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

    View Answer →
  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

    View Answer →

Non-ferrous and Aluminum

  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

    View Answer →
  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

    View Answer →
  • When does on-site nitrogen generation make sense versus liquid nitrogen delivery?

    View Answer →
  • How can I optimize melting of contaminated metal scrap?

    View Answer →
  • How can I reduce my gas consumption for molten metal blanketing?

    View Answer →
  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

    View Answer →
  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

    View Answer →

Quenching

  • Why would I want to cryogenically treat tool steels? Does it really affect the microstructure?

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  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • Our gas quenching process uses a lot of gas and then vents it. Can we purify and reuse that gas?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

    View Answer →
  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

    View Answer →
  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

    View Answer →

Sintering, Powder Metals, and Powder Metal

  • We anneal and passivate 300 series stainless tube and sometimes get a “grey” coloration on the ID—can we keep it bright?

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  • How can I avoid decarburisation in my sintering process?

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  • My ceramic carrier tiles are deteriorating faster than expected. Could my atmosphere be affecting it?

    View Answer →
  • Why is control necessary for a protective atmosphere?

    View Answer →
  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

    View Answer →
  • How can I extend the life of stainless steel belts used in our continuous sintering furnaces?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

    View Answer →
  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

    View Answer →
  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

    View Answer →
  • How can I maintain consistent properties among my sintered powder metal parts?

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  • I have measured the oxygen level in my continuous furnace, and it's low, but my parts still come out oxidized. Why?

    View Answer →
  • Is it true that NFPA 86C has changed?

    View Answer →
  • What nitrogen purity do I need for my heat treatment process?

    View Answer →
  • When does on-site nitrogen generation make sense versus liquid nitrogen delivery?

    View Answer →
  • What is the optimum atmosphere system for furnace brazing stainless steel components?

    View Answer →
  • Can I determine if the oxidation in the cooling section of my continuous furnace is caused by air ingress or a water leak?

    View Answer →
  • How can I reduce the cost of my sintering process without compromising quality or reliability?

    View Answer →
  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

    View Answer →
  • My sintered parts have a frosty, dull, matte finish. What causes this and how can I prevent it?

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  • My sintered PM parts come out of the furnace "sooty." How do I prevent this?

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  • What causes stainless steel to turn green in a continuous belt furnace?

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  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

    View Answer →
  • My nitrogen-hydrogen flow control panel seems to be working properly, but is there anything I should be checking?

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  • What are the recommended procedures to safely introduce a flammable atmosphere into a continuous belt furnace?

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Welding, Thermal Spray, Cutting

  • How can I address a cooling issue within my process?

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  • How can I provide customer documentation proving my heat treat process was controlled while treating their products?

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  • I know my flowmeter tells me that I have a certain gas flow rate, but how can I be sure?

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  • Could gas purity be the reason for the variability in my thermal spray coating density, hardness and adhesion?

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  • I use high-pressure gas cylinders and am concerned about safety. Is there a better way?

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  • How does hydrogen compare to traditional hydrocarbon fuels for my HVOF operation?

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  • I’m experiencing intermittent oxidation in my furnace. Could leaks in the nitrogen houseline be the problem?

    View Answer →
  • Can I remotely monitor what’s happening in my furnaces and other process equipment while I’m away from my plant?

    View Answer →
  • How do I know if I’m wasting gas due to leaks in my gas piping?

    View Answer →
  • Do you need to weld titanium in a glovebox? What are some of the gas considerations?

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